Negotiated under the threat of overwhelming force, the Treaties of Tianjin give the Allies many concessions. Signed by Russia (June 13), the U.S. (June 18), Britain (June 26), and France (June 27), the provisions include new treaty ports, foreign travel in the interior, and missionary access. Kowloon is ceded to Britain. Though the Dagu forts are returned to China after the signing, the Qing court refuses to ratify the treaties.
Scroll right to view images of the treaty signing. |
Left, translated from French: “Baron Gros Visiting Hai-Kuang Pagoda for the Signing of the Treaty With the Emperor of China, June 27, 1858. (See the Story of the Week.)” L'illustration, Journal Universel, Paris, October 2, 1858 (p. 213) View the full page in the Image Gallery University of California [illustration_1858-10-02_213_baron-gros] |
Left, translated from French: “Signing of the Treaty. — According to the Sketches Brought From Tine-Tsing by Mr. G. De B.” L'illustration, Journal Universel, Paris, October 9, 1858 (p. 233) View the full page in the Image Gallery University of California [illustration_1858-10-02_213_baron-gros] |
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